Constipation

Constipation and Cancer Patients:

There are many reasons why you may become constipated.

Some pain medications (narcotics) and some types of chemotherapy can cause constipation. Constipation from narcotic pain relievers occurs in most patients, and can be prevented in advance.

Reduced activity and poor eating habits can also cause constipation. Reduced fluids and high fibre foods, along with general weakness and fatigue, reduce the body's ability to keep regular bowel movements.

Some signs of constipation:

• No regular bowel movement for 3 or more days
• Small, hard stools (bowel movements)
• Seepage of stools, resembling diarrhea
• Stomach ache or cramps
• Bloated abdomen
• Feeling of fullness or discomfort
• Passing excess gas or belching
• Nausea or vomiting

What should I do if I notice any of these symptoms?

If you have not had a bowel movement for 3 or more days (or 2 days, if you are using regular laxatives), you should call your doctor or nurse. You may need treatment to reduce the constipation.

Call your doctor if you have blood in the anal canal or stools or abdominal cramps or pain for 2 or more days.

When constipated:

Do:

• Eat foods high in fibre, such as bran, fresh fruits and vegetables, prune juice, and whole grain breads and cereals and drink 8 or more glasses of liquid each day.
• Fresh fruit juices and warm or hot fluids may be helpful to reduce constipation

• Stay active: Regular exercise, such as walking, will help your bowels to move regularly
• Use prescription or over-the-counter laxatives, as instructed by your doctor or nurse

Do not:

• Do not use a lot of force or straining when trying to move your bowels
• Do not use daily or frequent enemas (unless ordered by your doctor)

Helpful Links:

National Cancer Institute (U.S.A.)