Atomic Number:	26
Atomic Symbol:	Fe
Atomic Weight:	55.847
Electron Configuration:	[Ar]4s23d6

In humans, iron is required as the functional ion in the porphyrin ring of heme in hemoglobin, myoglobin, catalase, peroxidases and cytochromes. Iron interacts reversibly with oxygen, and in electron transfer reactions. Daily requirements for iron vary depending on sex, age, and physiological status such as during adolescence, pregnancy, nursing or menstruation. Deficiency is relatively common with blood loss the most common cause such as during menstrual bleeding. Iron deficiency anemia can be related to cofactor deficiencies which include pyridoxine, vitamin B12, and folic acid. Iron overload can occur from excess intake or from genetic causes (hemochromatosis). Determination of liver iron is used to diagnose hemochromatosis. Urine iron can be used to monitor treatment of patients with deferoxamine for iron overload. Lower hair iron were noted in patients with inflammatory bowel syndrome, and liver cancer.

Whole Blood

Erythrocytes

Plasma/Serum

Urine

Hair

Tissue

Reference range

Analyte Iron
Random Urine	24 Hour Urine	Hair	Tissue Liver
0.02-0.24umol/L 2.4-31.3 umol/mol creatinine	0.05-0.36 umol/d	0.08-0.27 umol/g	3.6 - 35.8 umol/g

January 31, 2012